Bawul ɗin pneumaticwani nau'i ne na iska mai matsawa a matsayin mai tuƙi don cimma budewa da rufewa na bawul, don cimma gas, ruwa, tururi da sauran nau'o'in kula da ruwa, tare da sauƙi mai sauƙi, amsa mai sauri, babban iko daidai, aminci da aminci, da dai sauransu.
①, nau'in da ka'idar aiki na bawul na pneumatic
Bawul ɗin ƙwanƙwasa ya ƙunshi sassa uku ne: mai kunna huhu, jikin bawul, kayan haɗi. Mai kunnawa ya haɗa da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa, diaphragm / piston, sandar pneumatic, handwheel, da dai sauransu, wanda galibi yana amfani da iska mai tsafta a matsayin iko, yana karɓar siginar gas na 20 ~ 100kpa ko siginar lantarki na 4 ~ 20mA, sannan yana motsa jikin bawul ɗin don aiki, kuma yana daidaita wurin kwarara tsakanin madaidaicin bawul da wurin zama don cimma manufar regulating.
Jikin bawul ya ƙunshi faifan bawul, cajin bawul, shingen bawul, wurin zama, zoben matsa lamba na bawul da sauran abubuwan; Na'urorin haɗi galibi sun haɗa da matsi na rage bawul, bawul ɗin solenoid, masu sakawa, masu canzawa na yanzu / ƙarfin lantarki, masu tacewa, amplifiers masu gudana, da sauransu.
Ka'idar aiki na bawul ɗin pneumatic shine gane buɗewa da rufe bawul ta hanyar tura piston pneumatic ko gear da sauran sassa na inji a cikin mai kunnawa ta cikin iska mai matsewa, wanda za'a iya raba shi musamman zuwa: isar da iskar gas - shigar da siginar sarrafa motsi - positioner motsi - buɗaɗɗen bawul da rufe matakai da yawa. Dangane da buƙatun jujjuyawar jujjuyawar da ake buƙata ta bawul ɗin, ƙirar ƙirar tana daidaita adadin haɗuwar silinda, kuma ana iya canza jujjuyawar juzu'i ta hanyar canza wurin shigar da iskar gas.
Bawul ɗin pneumatic galibi yana da fa'idodi masu zuwa: na farko, aikin bawul ɗin pneumatic yana da sauri, kuma ana iya kammala umarnin daidaitawa cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci; Na biyu, bawul ɗin pneumatic zai iya yin aiki tare da babban silinda don cimma babban ƙarfin motsa jiki; Na uku, bawul ɗin pneumatic na iya kasancewa cikin aminci da kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci a cikin kowane yanayi mai wahala.
Pneumatic bawuloli bisa ga nau'i na aiki, gabaɗaya za a iya raba gas bude, gas rufaffiyar irin. Ana yin la'akari da zaɓin buɗewa da rufewa bisa ga kusurwar aminci na samar da tsari.
Lokacin da aka yanke tushen iska, bawul ɗin yana da aminci a cikin rufaffiyar wuri ko wurin budewa.
Air don Buɗe (Air don Buɗe) shine lokacin da iska mai iska a kan fim ɗin ya karu, bawul ɗin yana motsawa zuwa hanyar ƙara buɗewa, kuma lokacin da iyakar girman ƙarfin shigarwar ya kai, bawul ɗin yana cikin cikakkiyar yanayin buɗewa. Hakanan, lokacin da aka rage karfin iska, bawul ɗin yana motsawa a cikin hanyar rufewa, kuma bawul ɗin yana rufe gabaɗaya lokacin da babu iska mai shigarwa. Saboda haka, wani lokacin ana kiran bawul ɗin buɗaɗɗen gas ɗin gazawar Rufe FC.
Hanyar aikin Air zuwa Nau'in Kusa shine daidai kishiyar iska don buɗe nau'in. Lokacin da matsa lamba na iska ya karu, bawul ɗin yana motsawa a cikin hanyar rufewa; Lokacin da iska ta rage ko a'a, bawul ɗin yana buɗewa a cikin buɗaɗɗen shugabanci ko buɗewa cikakke. Saboda haka, wani lokaci ana kiran shi Rashin Buɗe FO.
Nau'in wasan kwaikwayo sau biyu. Ayyukan buɗewa da rufewa duk suna motsawa ta hanyar iska / iska mai matsa lamba, ainihin ka'idar aiki ta dace da aikin guda ɗaya, amma babu wani bazara a cikin nau'i biyu na pneumatic valve actuator, wanda ya fi rikitarwa a ka'ida da tsari.
Sa'an nan kuma a cikin aiwatar da amfani, yawanci akwai matsayi na kuskure (FO, FC, FL), kuma kuskuren kuskuren valve kusa da kuskure yana nufin aikin bawul lokacin da tushen iska ya yi kuskure.
Don wurin kuskuren bawul na pneumatic, an raba shi zuwa yanayi da yawa:
1, pneumatic bawul na'urar interlock mataki, da bawul matsayi ya kamata da wadannan yanayi
FC - Tushen iska ya ɓace, bawul a cikin rufaffiyar wuri
FO - Tushen iska ya ɓace, bawul a buɗaɗɗen wuri
FL - Tushen iska ya ɓace, bawul yana cikin matsayi kuma koyaushe yana riƙe
FLC - Tushen iska ya ɓace, ana riƙe bawul amma yana ƙoƙarin rufewa, bawul ɗin yana cikin rufaffiyar wuri (gas ɗin da ke fitarwa a cikin Silinda)
FLO - Asarar tushen iska, matsayi mai riƙe da bawul amma yana ƙoƙarin buɗewa, bawul a buɗaɗɗen wuri (ƙarar iskar gas a cikin silinda)
2. Lokacin da ke daidaita bawul ko bawul ɗin canzawa yana shiga cikin aikin haɗin gwiwa na na'urar, matsayin bawul ɗin ya kamata ya sami yanayi masu zuwa.
FC - Tushen iska ya ɓace ko kuma bawul ɗin solenoid ya ɓace, kuma bawul ɗin yana cikin rufaffiyar wuri
FO - An rasa tushen iska ko kuma bawul ɗin solenoid ya ɓace, kuma bawul ɗin yana cikin buɗaɗɗen wuri
AFL/EFC -- 1. Tushen iska ya ɓace. Ba a rasa bawul ɗin solenoid . 2. Ko da kuwa ko tushen iska ya ɓace ko kuma bawul ɗin solenoid ya ɓace, bawul ɗin yana cikin rufaffiyar wuri
AFL/EFO -- 1. Tushen iska ya ɓace. Ba a rasa bawul ɗin solenoid . 2. Ko da kuwa ko tushen iska ya ɓace ko kuma bawul ɗin solenoid ya ɓace, bawul ɗin yana cikin buɗaɗɗen wuri
Pneumatic bawul ta hanyar fitarwa siginar don cimma bawul ɗin yanke, haɗa, daidaitawa da sauran ayyuka, buɗewarsa da saurin rufewa yana da sauri, galibi ana amfani dashi don saurin yanke amfani da wuri guda biyu{0}, Hakanan ana iya amfani dashi don daidaita kwararar amfani, tare da kayan haɗi daban-daban, ba za ku iya isa nau'ikan hanyoyin sarrafawa daban-daban ba.
②, pneumatic valve gama gari
1 Ruwan bawul na pneumatic yana ƙaruwa da gazawa da kuma haddasawa
Yayyowar bawul ɗin huhu ya dogara ne akan maɓallin bawul ɗin. Don taƙaitawa, haɓakar ƙyalli na bawul ɗin pneumatic ya fi girma saboda abubuwa biyu masu zuwa: Na farko, ƙwanƙwasa bawul a cikin bawul ɗin pneumatic yana sawa saboda amfani da tsayi mai tsayi, wanda ya haifar da rufe bawul ɗin ba ta da ƙarfi wanda ke haifar da haɓakar haɓakawa; Na biyu shi ne, idan aka cakude bawul din da na waje, ko kuma aka datse bushing na cikin gida, ko kuma a karkashin ikon matsi tsakanin kafofin watsa labaru daban-daban, idan bambancin matsa lamba na matsakaicin ya yi yawa, zai haifar da raguwar taurin kai, ta yadda ba za a rufe bawul din gaba daya, kuma daga karshe ya haifar da zubewar bawul din pneumatic.
2 Rashin kwanciyar hankali na bawul ɗin pneumatic da abubuwan sa
Ko siginar siginar ba ta da ƙarfi ko kuma ƙarfin tushen iska ba shi da ƙarfi, bawul ɗin pneumatic na iya zama mara ƙarfi. Matsakaicin siginar mara ƙarfi zai haifar da fitowar mai sarrafawa ya zama maras tabbas, kuma lokacin da matsa lamba na iska ba ta da ƙarfi, bawul ɗin rage matsa lamba zai gaza saboda ƙaramin ƙarfin kwampreso. Haka kuma yana yiwuwa matsayin amplifier spray block a cikin positioner ne m, da kuma rata tsakanin juna ya sa m aiki na pneumatic bawul. Bugu da ƙari, bututun fitarwa ko layin fitarwa ba shi da ƙarfi, kuma zai haifar da aikin bawul ɗin pneumatic ba shi da tabbas; Har ila yau, bawul ɗin ball na amplifier zai shafi kwanciyar hankali na bawul ɗin pneumatic saboda raguwa na rata tare da al'amuran waje.
3 Pneumatic valve vibration gazawar da kuma haddasawa
Abubuwan da ke kewaye da muhalli suna shafar bawul ɗin huhu a cikin sauƙi yayin aiki. Bayan aikin bushing da spool na dogon lokaci, su biyun za su haifar da rata a ƙarƙashin aikin juzu'i, akwai wasu kayan aikin injin girgiza a kusa da bawul ɗin pneumatic, kuma yanayin shigarwa mara daidaituwa na bawul ɗin pneumatic zai haifar da girgizar bawul ɗin pneumatic. Bugu da ƙari, lokacin da aka zaɓi girman bawul ɗin pneumatic ba daidai ba ko kuma hanyar rufewa ɗaya -wurin zama bai dace da alkiblar matsakaiciyar kwarara ba, bawul ɗin pneumatic shima zai haifar da girgiza.
4 Pneumatic bawul jinkirin gazawar aiki da haddasawa
A cikin aiwatar da motsi na bawul na pneumatic, mahimmancin ƙwayar valve ba shi da shakka. Lokacin da bawul ɗin ya lanƙwasa, zai ƙara juzu'in da aka haifar ta hanyar zagayensa{1}}aikin tafiya, yana haifar da bawul ɗin pneumatic yayi aiki a hankali. Lokacin da graphite da asbestos filler lubricating man fetur, PTFE filler ba al'ada, shi kuma zai haifar da pneumatic bawul jinkirin mataki, a lokacin da akwai kura a cikin bawul jiki, da pneumatic bawul da aka shigar a cikin positioner, da dai sauransu, zai ƙara juriya na pneumatic bawul kara aiki, sakamakon pneumatic bawul mataki.
5 Bawul ɗin pneumatic baya aiki da dalilai
Tushen iska da sigina azaman jigo da tushe don tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki na bawul ɗin pneumatic. Idan mai sakawa ba shi da tushen iska, bawul ɗin rage matsa lamba na iya gazawa, kuma za a iya toshe tacewa da bututun a lokuta masu tsanani. Idan mai gano yana da hanyar iska, amma babu fitarwa, zai toshe ramin ma'aunin ma'aunin; Idan ba a samu tushen iska da sigina ba, lokacin da zafin jiki ya yi ƙasa, ba a buɗe tushen iska, kuma zai yi kasawa saboda an toshe bawul ɗin rage matsin lamba da bututun iska, a ƙarshe yana haifar da gazawar kwampreso. Idan akwai tushen iska amma babu sigina, zai lalata farantin ido kuma ya sa ƙwanƙarar mai wurin ta zubar da iska.
③, hanyoyin magance matsalar bawul na pneumatic gama gari
1 Haɓakar bawul ɗin huhu yana haɓaka hanyar jiyya
Bisa la'akari da ƙãra ƙãra ƙura na pneumatic bawul, idan an yi amfani da bawul ɗin bawul, ya wajaba a maye gurbin sabon spool nan da nan don rage yawan haɓakar da ke haifar da zubar da ciki; Idan ya kasance saboda shigar da jikin waje a cikin bawul, wajibi ne a yi amfani da kayan tsaftacewa don tsaftacewa da wankewa a cikin lokaci don cire jikin waje; Idan matsakaicin matsakaicin matsa lamba yana da girma, ya zama dole don inganta mai kunnawa na bawul ɗin pneumatic, haɓaka tushen iska, da rage raguwa. Bugu da ƙari, lokacin shigar da bawul na pneumatic, ya kamata kuma a tabbatar da cewa tsayin bawul ɗin da aka zaɓa ya kasance matsakaici, don hana zubar da bawul ɗin da ba a rufe gaba ɗaya ba.
2 Hanyar kulawa da rashin kwanciyar hankali na bawul ɗin pneumatic
Wajibi ne don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na tsarin cibiyar sadarwar wutar lantarki saboda rashin kwanciyar hankali na bawul ɗin pneumatic wanda ya haifar da matsa lamba mara ƙarfi. Dangane da rashin kwanciyar hankali na bawul ɗin pneumatic da ke haifar da rashin kwanciyar hankali na iska, ana buƙatar gyara mai matsawa{1}}, kuma ana iya maye gurbin sabon matsayi idan ya cancanta, don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankalin iska. Hakanan yana yiwuwa a sake shigar da bututun bawul ko ƙara lubricants don rage juzu'i na ɓangaren haɗin bawul ɗin, rage rashin kwanciyar hankali na bawul ɗin pneumatic, da daidaita daidaitaccen madaidaicin matsayi don kawar da rashin kwanciyar hankali na bawul ɗin pneumatic.
3 Hanyar jiyya mara kyau bawul vibration
Don girgiza bawul ɗin pneumatic da ke haifar da gogayya tsakanin bushing da spool, bushing ɗin yana buƙatar maye gurbin nan da nan; Don ƙwanƙwasa bawul ɗin pneumatic da ke haifar da wasu kayan aikin injin girgizawa a kusa da bawul ɗin pneumatic, yana da mahimmanci don gano tushen girgiza a hankali kuma ya kawar da girgiza; Dangane da girgizar da ke haifar da tushe mara ƙarfi na pneumatic bawul, sabon tushe yana buƙatar maye gurbin; Dangane da girgizar da ke haifar da rashin daidaituwa tsakanin alkiblar rufewa guda ɗaya{0}wurin zama da kuma alkiblar matsakaiciyar kwarara, ya zama dole a yi nazari a yi hukunci da shi tare da daidaita madaidaiciyar hanyar shigarwa na bawul ɗin pneumatic.
4 Hanyar magance matsalar bawul ɗin jinkirin aiki
Jinkirin aiki na bawul ɗin pneumatic yana da alaƙa da lalacewar diaphragm, don haka ya kamata a maye gurbin sabon diaphragm cikin lokaci; Kuma a hankali bincika ko graphite da asbestos filler lubricating mai da polytetrafluoroethylene filler al'ada ne, kuma maye gurbin su idan ya cancanta don tabbatar da cewa suna cikin yanayin al'ada; Tsaftace al'amuran waje a cikin jikin bawul a cikin lokaci don tabbatar da tsabtar jikin bawul; Ana kula da shingen bawul don rage juzu'i tsakanin shingen bawul da abubuwan da ke kewaye, don magance matsalar jinkirin aiki na bawul ɗin pneumatic.
5 Bawul ɗin huhu baya aiki hanyar magance matsala
Don kuskuren cewa akwai tushen iska amma bawul ɗin pneumatic ba ya aiki, ya zama dole a duba layin umarni ɗaya bayan ɗaya kuma cire kuskuren cikin lokaci. Lokacin da mai sakawa a cikin bawul na pneumatic ba shi da shigarwa da nuni, ya zama dole don maye gurbin sabon matsayi a cikin lokaci; Don mummunan nakasawa na spool da kara, ya zama dole don maye gurbin sabon spool da kara a cikin lokaci don tabbatar da cewa an sanya ƙafar hannu a wuri mai kyau.
